Introduction
1.1
Backround
In
many books of linguistics, there are many definition abaut language. Oxford
Dictionary (2000 : 752) “language is the system of communication in spcech and
writing that is used by people of a particular country”. All of civilizations
in the world can not stand without language. Without languages, no one can
understand each other.
Linguistics
is the scinentifics study of language or particular language a course in
applied linguistics, (oxrord Dictionary 2000: 781). Burung and kuan (2005 : 2) mentioned that
linguistics aspects consist of phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax
semantics and pragmatics.
Linguistically
language families there are classified as Austronesia as Ambai, Biak, Ansus,
wandamen, waropen. It position in the
Westrn New Guinea Area and mostly locates on New Guinea.
Typhologycally,
in sawaki (2005:55) said that Papuan language employ verd- final word –order
with SV/AVO. Papuan languages are agglunative, which are verb complicated in
morphological inflectional, but they are predictable.
For
example typology as in Yali.
At an mu-wa-r-eh-ek
3s
1s-hit-real-NrPast-3s
He hit me recently
1.2
The
name of the language and its speakers
The
preference name of speaker is Amungme,
the is Amungkal, and their area is Amungsa. Etymologically, the name ‘Amungkal’
come from two words Amung ‘first or
prominent’ and kal ‘language’. So
this tribe thinks that they are the or prominent human, language, and region.
Muller (2004: 4 in papuaweb.org) mention that, the language of the Amungme,
called amungkal.
There
are some alternative names given for Damal such as Amung, among kal, Amungme,
Amuy, Enggipiloe, Hamong, Oehondoeni, Uhunduni from the neighbors language
(S. Wurm 2000 in ethnoloque.com).
I
want to recognize that, the words Amung,
Amungkal, Amungme and Hamung above are refer to the alternative name of Amungme. Giving name for Amungme from
another people such as. Amume and
amugme are giving from another neighbors like people coastal area. Kemawe ‘highland people’ from kamoro, uhunduni